Treatment Guidelines: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Neurodevelopmental disorders are impairments of the growth and development of the brain or central nervous system that affect behavior, cognition, or motor skills. These conditions tend to begin in childhood and persist into adulthood or may remain undiagnosed long-term.

American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

• Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability (2020)
• Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014)
• Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Tic Disorders (2013)
• Practice Parameters for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2007)
• Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (2007)

American Academy of Family Physicians

• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2023)

American Academy of Neurology

• Practice Guideline Recommendations Summary: Treatment of Tics in People With Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders (2019, reaffirmed in 2022)

American Academy of Pediatrics

• Identification, Evaluation, and Management of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (2020)
• Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents (2019)

British Association for Psychopharmacology

• Autism spectrum disorder: Consensus guidelines on assessment, treatment and research from the British Association for Psychopharmacology (2018)
  • Overview: BAP Consensus Guidelines on Autism Spectrum Disorder (2018)
• Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Update on recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology (2014)

Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance (CADDRA)

• Canadian ADHD Practice Guidelines (2020)

Canadian Psychiatric Association

• Canadian Guidelines for the Evidence-Based Treatment of Tic Disorders: Pharmacotherapy (2012)

European Network Adult ADHD (ENAA)

• Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD (2018)

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

• Autism Spectrum Disorder In Adults - Diagnosis and Management (2012, reaffirmed 2021)
  • Additional Information: Autism Spectrum Disorder in under 19s - Support and Management (2013, reaffirmed 2021)
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Diagnosis and Management (2018, reaffirmed 2019)
• Antisocial Behaviour and Conduct Disorders in Children and Young People - Recognition and Management (2013, reaffirmed 2017)

Reviewer 1: Miranda Stratton, PharmD
Reviewer 2: Austin Smith, PharmD, BCPP
2024-2025 AAPP Resident and New Practitioner Committee